Noni works as Safe Pain Reliever

Scientists only recently have discovered that there are actually two COX enzymes: COX-1 and COX-2. Research shows that in the body, the COX-2 enzyme is largely responsible for causing pain and inflammation. Injury, disease, and trauma cause COX-2 enzymes to produce prosta-glandins, which cause pain and inflammation. In contrast to the COX-2 enzyme, the COX-1 enzyme is responsible for protecting the body’s stomach lining and kidneys. COX-1 enzymes continually produce protective prosta-glandins.

When taken over long period of time, traditional medication for chronic pain and inflammation by way of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) like Aspirin and Ibuprofen, inhibit the enzymatic activity of both COX-1 and COX-2. This inhibition of the COX-2 enzyme reduces the prostaglandins that cause pain and inflammation throughout the body, but over time, it also restrains the COX-1 enzyme from producing the prostaglandins that protect the stomach lining. This can result in major problems, such as ulcers and colitis, in the body’s digestive system.

The discovery of COX-2 created a frenzy in the pharmaceutical world- everyone wanted to find a substance that would inhibit COX-2 without harming the body’s production of COX-1. Exciting scientific findings from carefully conducted research done in an independent laboratory show that Noni selectively inhibits the COX-2 enzyme while allowing the COX-1 enzyme to continue functioning. Some scientists believe that a selective COX-2 inhibitor could help with menstrual pain and help prevent cancers of the colon, esophagus, skin, and bladder. Even those who have been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s may benefit from a selective COX-2 inhibitor.

Noni works as Blood Pressure Stabilizer

The reasons for Noni’s reported success in helping with high blood pressure are multi-faceted. First of all, Noni or Morinda citrifolia contains scopoletin, which has been scientifically proven to dilate blood vessels resulting in lower blood pressure. A second reason that many use Noni for high blood pressure is that Noni helps stimulate the body’s production of nitric oxide, a chemical which allows the blood vessels to dilate more easily and be more elastic. The third reason is the Xeronine system promotes a healthy cell structure within the circulatory system.

High Blood Pressure

What is Hypertension or High Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure measures the force that the blood applies to the walls of the arteries as it flows through them. It's normal for blood pressure to increase when you exert yourself, or when you feel stressed or anxious. But if the blood pressure is consistently higher than normal at rest, this is high blood pressure, also known as hypertension.

Blood Pressure and Health

As blood is pumped around the body, it carries oxygen and nutrients that are essential for life. As a result of the pumping action of the heart and the size and flexibility of the arteries that carry blood, the blood is under pressure. This blood pressure is an essential and normal part of the way the body works.

The normal blood pressure value is 120/80 mm of Hg. The top figure - the systolic blood pressure - is a measure of the pressure when your heart muscle is contracted and pumping blood. The bottom figure - the diastolic blood pressure - is the pressure when the heart is relaxed and filling with blood. High blood pressure is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140 or over and/or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 or over.

List of symptoms of Hypertension:

The list of symptoms mentioned in various sources for Hypertension includes:

No symptoms - many people are unaware they have hypertension until it is accidentally found at a doctor visit or they develop complications of hypertension.
Non-specific symptoms - symptoms of hypertension may be mild and vague
Headache - Morning headache
Tinnitus - Condition with ringing, buzzing, or noises in the ears
Dizziness - Feelings of lightheadedness or giddiness
Confusion - Mental confusion and impaired thinking
Papilloedema - Swollen optic disc (between retina and optic nerve) of eye

Many symptoms occur from complications of hypertension

Complication list for Hypertension

High blood pressure makes your heart work harder and, over time, can damage blood vessels throughout your body. If the blood vessels in your kidneys are damaged, they may stop removing wastes and extra fluid from your body. The extra fluid in your blood vessels may then raise blood pressure even more. It's a dangerous cycle.

High blood pressure is one of the leading causes of kidney failure, also commonly called end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

The list of diseases occur due to hypertension are -
Kidney failure (Total failure of the kidneys to filter waste of our body) - hypertension is the second most common cause of kidney failure (after diabetes)
End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) - Renal failure is any acute or chronic loss of kidney function and is the term used when some kidney function remains. ESRD is total, or nearly total, and permanent kidney failure.

Hardened arteries

Cardiovascular disease - Diseases of the heart or blood vessels including cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke.
Angina - Chest pain, also called angina. When you have angina, you feel pain in your chest, arms, shoulders, or back. You may feel the pain more when your heart works faster, such as when you exercise. The pain may go away when you rest. You also may feel very weak and sweaty. If you do not get it treated, chest pain may happen more often.

Heart attack

Heart failure - Heart failure describes when the heart is having difficulty completing its work. The term is not the same as heart attack or cardiac arrest, when the heart may stop; heart failure involves a gradual failing of the heart
Left-side heart failure - Failure of the left side of the heart
Stroke - A stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, spilling blood into the spaces surrounding the brain cells (hemorrhagic).
Cerebral hemorrhage - Bleeding in the brain
Eye complications - Retinal damage, impaired vision
Death

Some Risk factors for Hypertension:

Genetic factors or hereditary.
Diet - Excessive energy intake leads to obesity and tends to increase blood pressure.
Psychological factors - The stress and strain also plays a major role for high blood pressure.
Other factors - Renal, hormonal or any other disease can also happen hypertension.
Mechanical obstruction to blood flow - arteriosclerosis
Drugs - contraceptive pills, steroid.

Dietetic Management for your Hypertension

Calories
If the person is obese the calories has to be restricted. Other wise normal individuals need the daily-recommended calorie according to the age, sex and physical activity.

Protein
In severe hypertension the protein has to be restricted to 20 gm/day where as the mild and moderate hypertensive can have 1 gm/kg body weight.

Fats
It is advisable to reduce the fat consumption since hypertension has greater risk of arteriosclerosis. It is better to avoid high intake of animal fat or hydrogenated oils, which contain saturated fatty acids. The cholesterol rich foods such as liver, meat, organ meat, egg yolk, lobster, crab and prawns should be minimised in the diet. The dietary fats should consist of vegetable oil like corn oil, olive oil and sunflower oil.

Minerals and Vitamins
Low fat, low sodium and high potassium diet will help to lower high blood pressure.
Potassium intake should be increased. Food sources of potassium should be increased to patients who are on diuretics. Vitamins should be adequate to the recommended allowances

Alcohol and Smoking
Alcohol and smoking have adverse effects on hypertension and must be avoided.

The Role of Nitric oxide.
As we are well aware, hypertension has multifactor etiology. It is clear that diet, exercise, and genetics play a role in the human body’s circulatory function.

Many people are controlling their diet and exercising regularly, yet they still suffer from high blood pressure. Modern science is still looking for more answers to why high blood pressure occurs. One such theory centers on a chemical called nitric oxide. In a briefing prepared for the Royal Society and Association of British Science writers, it was concluded that:

“Summary research papers continue to flood the scientific journals with insights into the biological activity and potential clinical uses of nitric oxide (NO), a gas that controls a seemingly limitless range of functions in the body. Each revelation adds to nitric oxide’s already lengthy resume in controlling the circulation of the blood, regulating activities of the brain, lungs, liver, kidneys, stomach and other organs.”

The crux of the presentation indicated that the level of nitric oxide is believed to be one controller of blood pressure within the body. Noni stimulates and boosts the body’s immune system, therefore enabling the body to produce those substances in the body [such as nitric oxide]. Recent studies have shown how specific extracts from Morinda citrifolia (NONI) produce a significant nitric oxide effect in endothelial cells in vitro.

It is believed that Noni stimulate the body’s production of nitric oxide, a chemical which allows the blood vessels to dilate more easily and be more elastic. In other words it acts as a vaso dilator to reduce the high blood pressure in hypertensive patient.

The Role of Scopoletin present in Noni to reduce the Hypertension.
Another key component found in Noni that has been connected to lowering blood pressure is scopoletin. Scopoletin, which has been scientifically proven to dilate blood vessels and act as a vaso dilator also helps in lowering the blood pressure.

In 1993, researchers from the University of Hawaii extracted natural scopoletin from the Noni plant. Dr. Isabelle Abbott, a recognized export in botanical sciences, believes scopoletin is almost certainly involved in the body’s response to Noni’s effect on lowering high blood pressure.

Role of Xeronine, the alkaloid of Noni in reducing High Blood Pressure and cardiovascular diseases.
Xeronine is a small alkaloid that is required in picro gram (trillionth of gram) amounts and is essential to the correct functioning of body. Large amount are used in times of physical or mental stress. In over mental stress condition the blood pressure rises hence the role of xeronine helps in lowering the blood pressure by maintaining the normal function of all cells, enzymes, and keeping all the endocrine system to act in a harmonious way.

The xeronine system promotes a healthy cell structure within the circulatory system thus maintain the blood pressure within the normal range.

The role serotonin in cardiovascular diseases.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter, a specialized molecule that allows nerve cells to communicate and interact with each other. Without neurotransmitters we would be unable to think, perceive, move, or even live. Serotonin also does double duty in the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems. It helps regulate the expansion and contraction of blood vessels and the function of platelets, the blood cells that cause blood to coagulate and close a wound. It is synthesized in different parts of the brain and body, where it can be stored or released. The most important raw ingredient is an amino acid called tryptophan. Noni is a good source for tryptophan. When we take Noni the amino acid tryptophan enters ours blood stream and are carried to tissues that will use them to synthesize the body's own proteins and other essential molecules, including serotonin.

Serotonin also has complex roles in regulating blood flow to the brain, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. It regulates blood vessel elasticity and can act as either a vasodilator (causing vessels to expand) or a vasoconstrictor (causing vessels to narrow), depending on where and when it is released. Because of its complex action in controlling blood flow and blood pressure, serotonin abnormalities are also thought to have a role in a number of other cardiovascular conditions, including some forms of hypertension (high blood pressure). These include peripheral vascular diseases, which are circulatory problems involving the blood vessels in the extremities, the hands and feet, and sometimes the lower legs as well. One such disease is Raynaud's disease.

Noni helps in keeping and maintaining the serotonin level in blood and thus helps in improving some form vascular disease.

Role of Phytosterols to prevent Hypercholesterolemia.
The plant sterols, called Phytosterols alleviate problems associated with high levels of “bad” cholesterol (LDL) in our bodies, and can cause cardiovascular diseases. Noni contain the phytosterols that slows down the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and lowers total plasma and LDL cholesterol levels. Noni juice is an important source of (beta)sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campe sterol - the three most nutritionally important phytosterols. So Noni helps in reducing serum cholesterol level prevents the further cardiac problems.


Heart Diseases (Cardiac Diseases)

Heart Attact
Heart attack is the number-one cause of death in whole world. Our fastidious life style, rich diet habits, physical inactivity, stress full mental condition are the predisposing factors of various cardiac problems and heart attacks. The high rise of cholesterol in our blood is one of the causes of many cardiac problems and the heart attacks. The oily fatty food, ghee, fried foods has become a habit in our daily routine diet. It all causes the rise of cholesterol in our blood and plays the main role in generating various heart diseases like coronary artery diseases, ischemic heart diseases, atherosclerotic plaques in artery, unstable angina pain etc.

Cholesterol is of two types – HDL (high density lipoprotein) cholesterol and LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol. Among them HDL cholesterol is good for our body. But LDL cholesterol is named as bad cholesterol and this is the one which is the route cause of coronary artery diseases, angina pain, and atherosclerosis of artery etc. Native LDL cholesterol is good. In fact it is essential for building good cell membrane, others cell parts, and many different hormones that our body needs. Problems begin when native LDL cholesterols are oxidized by the free radicals in our body and make them the harmful cholesterol. The high environmental pollutions, our stressful life style, a good nutrients depleted diet are the main causes of over production of free radicals in our body. Those free radicals play the main role to oxidize LDL cholesterol and make it harmful to our body.

The inner layer of our artery is called the endothelium which is an extremely sensitive lining that is vulnerable to even slightest irritation. Oxidized cholesterol, excessive free radicals causes the oxidative stress that injures the endothelium. Our body has a defense system designed to protect this endothelium of the artery. In the events of injury, our body responses by sending WBC (mainly monocytes) in an attempt to eliminate the harmful oxidized LDL cholesterol. Here the defense team of monocytes starts gobbling up the enemy in an attempt to minimize the irritation to the endothelium. If this response process is successful, the problem is over and the lining of the artery will be repaired. But this is not what usually happens. Monocytes continue to gather the delinquent oxidized LDL cholesterol, but they don’t let any out. Hence the monocytes gets crammed so full of oxidized LDL cholesterol(fat) that it becomes a foam cell, looks like a ball of fat. This foam cells then attach itself to the lining of the artery and eventually forms the initial defect of hardening of the arteries which is called fatty streak. The fatty streak is an inflammatory lesion. This leads to form a plaque. It is the initial step in the process called atherosclerosis. The atherosclerotic plaque goes on increasing in size and consequently makes the artery narrow inside to pass the blood flow. The entire process is a vicious cycle. Not only there is build up plaque, but there is also thickening of artery. Normally the layer of endothelium function well by releasing an important product called nitrous oxide (NO). During this inflammatory response, however, the appropriate release of nitrous oxide is blocked from the endothelium, causing the endothelium to function poorly. This in turn causes the platelets of blood to adhere to the plaque and the artery around the plaque to go into spasm. About 50% of heart attacks are the rapture of one of these plaques and the clot that forms around a ruptured plaque. A situation such as this causes acute and abrupt total closure of this artery, which blocks the blood flow to that part of the heart. Oxidative stress may also cause the break down of these plaques, which eventually leads to their rupture.

Arteries can keep narrowing to the point that they become occluded. These patients have usually had symptoms of chest pain that is called unstable angina.

So to neutralize the notorious activity of those free radicals to convert the native LDL cholesterol to harmful LDL cholesterol it is required some powerful antioxidants. Those antioxidants not only neutralize the effect of free radicals on the vessels cells but also to other cells.

Noni have the powerful antioxidant properties that help to neutralize the free radicals role of oxidation of the native LDL cholesterol to harmful LDL cholesterol and thus protects the arterial endothelial lining from injury and future developing atheromatous plaque. The main antioxidants are vitamins A, E and C, beta-carotene, glutathione, bioflavonoid, selenium, zinc, CoQ10 (ubiquinone), and various phyto-chemicals. Noni is rich with Vita A, Beta carotene, Vita E, C, glutathione, bioflavonoid, selenium, zinc, and many more essential phytochemicals. Melatonin, a hormone produced by the pineal gland, is also a potent antioxidant. Noni helps to stimulate more melatonin release from the pineal gland.

Why Noni works as powerful antioxidants.
There are two reasons:

Unique Combinations of Substances
For a fruit, Noni has an impressive combination of ingredients. It has a rich complement of vitamins and minerals; including A, B vitamins (including the rare B-12), C, E, Iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, zinc and several trace minerals. It also has 17 out of total 20 amino acids including all the essential amino acid. Terpenes, fungicides, adaptogens, glycosides, polysaccharides and other unique ingredients that even in small amounts can have significant physiological effects can be found in Noni.

Synergy of its Substances
The many known, and even some of the unknown substances, come together in a way that support the needs of many of our internal systems, concurrently. As the word synergy implies, these substances work far better in combination than they do separately. Many of the ingredients in Noni are found in varying amounts in other foods or herbs. There seems to be no known food or herb with either the rich list of substances or the high amounts of key substances all put together in one super food. Noni aids the body’s natural healing abilities.

Noni & nitric oxide – its role in preventing arterial cells damage
Normally the layer of endothelium function well by releasing an important product called nitrous oxide (NO). During this inflammatory response of forming the plaques, however, the appropriate release of nitrous oxide is blocked from the endothelium, causing the endothelium to function poorly. Noni helps to proper production of nitrous oxide in our body and thus helps the endothelium to functions smoothly.

Noni promotes the cellular growth
In addition to the antioxidant activity in Noni, Dr. Ralph Heinicke, has pinpointed one constituent in Noni that he believes are responsible for the Juice’s ability to promote cellular growth. These are parts of his postulated xeronine system, which consists of proxeronine, proxeroninase, and xeronine.

The xeronine theory, which is based on much of Dr. Heinicke’s work, postulates that once in the body, proxeronine travels to specific parts of cells, such as the mitochondria, microsomes, Golgiapparatus, reticuloendothelium, electron transport system, within the cell, these components communicate with each other (intracellular) and with other cells (intercellular). This communication between cells may work according to the theories of several Nobel Prize winning doctors.