Blood pressure measures the force that the blood applies to the walls of the arteries as it flows through them. It's normal for blood pressure to increase when you exert yourself, or when you feel stressed or anxious. But if the blood pressure is consistently higher than normal at rest, this is high blood pressure, also known as hypertension.Blood Pressure and Health
As blood is pumped around the body, it carries oxygen and nutrients that are essential for life. As a result of the pumping action of the heart and the size and flexibility of the arteries that carry blood, the blood is under pressure. This blood pressure is an essential and normal part of the way the body works.
The normal blood pressure value is 120/80 mm of Hg. The top figure - the systolic blood pressure - is a measure of the pressure when your heart muscle is contracted and pumping blood. The bottom figure - the diastolic blood pressure - is the pressure when the heart is relaxed and filling with blood. High blood pressure is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140 or over and/or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 or over.
List of symptoms of Hypertension:
The list of symptoms mentioned in various sources for Hypertension includes:
No symptoms - many people are unaware they have hypertension until it is accidentally found at a doctor visit or they develop complications of hypertension.Non-specific symptoms - symptoms of hypertension may be mild and vague
Headache - Morning headache
Tinnitus - Condition with ringing, buzzing, or noises in the ears
Dizziness - Feelings of lightheadedness or giddiness
Confusion - Mental confusion and impaired thinking
Papilloedema - Swollen optic disc (between retina and optic nerve) of eye
Many symptoms occur from complications of hypertension
Complication list for Hypertension
High blood pressure makes your heart work harder and, over time, can damage blood vessels throughout your body. If the blood vessels in your kidneys are damaged, they may stop removing wastes and extra fluid from your body. The extra fluid in your blood vessels may then raise blood pressure even more. It's a dangerous cycle.
High blood pressure is one of the leading causes of kidney failure, also commonly called end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
The list of diseases occur due to hypertension are -
Kidney failure (Total failure of the kidneys to filter waste of our body) - hypertension is the second most common cause of kidney failure (after diabetes)
End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) - Renal failure is any acute or chronic loss of kidney function and is the term used when some kidney function remains. ESRD is total, or nearly total, and permanent kidney failure.
Kidney failure (Total failure of the kidneys to filter waste of our body) - hypertension is the second most common cause of kidney failure (after diabetes)
End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) - Renal failure is any acute or chronic loss of kidney function and is the term used when some kidney function remains. ESRD is total, or nearly total, and permanent kidney failure.
Hardened arteries
Cardiovascular disease - Diseases of the heart or blood vessels including cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke.
Angina - Chest pain, also called angina. When you have angina, you feel pain in your chest, arms, shoulders, or back. You may feel the pain more when your heart works faster, such as when you exercise. The pain may go away when you rest. You also may feel very weak and sweaty. If you do not get it treated, chest pain may happen more often.
Cardiovascular disease - Diseases of the heart or blood vessels including cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke.
Angina - Chest pain, also called angina. When you have angina, you feel pain in your chest, arms, shoulders, or back. You may feel the pain more when your heart works faster, such as when you exercise. The pain may go away when you rest. You also may feel very weak and sweaty. If you do not get it treated, chest pain may happen more often.
Heart attack
Heart failure - Heart failure describes when the heart is having difficulty completing its work. The term is not the same as heart attack or cardiac arrest, when the heart may stop; heart failure involves a gradual failing of the heart
Left-side heart failure - Failure of the left side of the heart
Stroke - A stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, spilling blood into the spaces surrounding the brain cells (hemorrhagic).
Cerebral hemorrhage - Bleeding in the brain
Eye complications - Retinal damage, impaired vision
Death
Heart failure - Heart failure describes when the heart is having difficulty completing its work. The term is not the same as heart attack or cardiac arrest, when the heart may stop; heart failure involves a gradual failing of the heart
Left-side heart failure - Failure of the left side of the heart
Stroke - A stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, spilling blood into the spaces surrounding the brain cells (hemorrhagic).
Cerebral hemorrhage - Bleeding in the brain
Eye complications - Retinal damage, impaired vision
Death
Some Risk factors for Hypertension:
Genetic factors or hereditary.
Diet - Excessive energy intake leads to obesity and tends to increase blood pressure.
Psychological factors - The stress and strain also plays a major role for high blood pressure.
Other factors - Renal, hormonal or any other disease can also happen hypertension.
Mechanical obstruction to blood flow - arteriosclerosis
Drugs - contraceptive pills, steroid.
Genetic factors or hereditary.
Diet - Excessive energy intake leads to obesity and tends to increase blood pressure.
Psychological factors - The stress and strain also plays a major role for high blood pressure.
Other factors - Renal, hormonal or any other disease can also happen hypertension.
Mechanical obstruction to blood flow - arteriosclerosis
Drugs - contraceptive pills, steroid.
Dietetic Management for your Hypertension
Calories
If the person is obese the calories has to be restricted. Other wise normal individuals need the daily-recommended calorie according to the age, sex and physical activity.
Protein
In severe hypertension the protein has to be restricted to 20 gm/day where as the mild and moderate hypertensive can have 1 gm/kg body weight.
Fats
It is advisable to reduce the fat consumption since hypertension has greater risk of arteriosclerosis. It is better to avoid high intake of animal fat or hydrogenated oils, which contain saturated fatty acids. The cholesterol rich foods such as liver, meat, organ meat, egg yolk, lobster, crab and prawns should be minimised in the diet. The dietary fats should consist of vegetable oil like corn oil, olive oil and sunflower oil.
Minerals and Vitamins
Low fat, low sodium and high potassium diet will help to lower high blood pressure.
Potassium intake should be increased. Food sources of potassium should be increased to patients who are on diuretics. Vitamins should be adequate to the recommended allowances
Alcohol and Smoking
Alcohol and smoking have adverse effects on hypertension and must be avoided.
Calories
If the person is obese the calories has to be restricted. Other wise normal individuals need the daily-recommended calorie according to the age, sex and physical activity.
Protein
In severe hypertension the protein has to be restricted to 20 gm/day where as the mild and moderate hypertensive can have 1 gm/kg body weight.
Fats
It is advisable to reduce the fat consumption since hypertension has greater risk of arteriosclerosis. It is better to avoid high intake of animal fat or hydrogenated oils, which contain saturated fatty acids. The cholesterol rich foods such as liver, meat, organ meat, egg yolk, lobster, crab and prawns should be minimised in the diet. The dietary fats should consist of vegetable oil like corn oil, olive oil and sunflower oil.
Minerals and Vitamins
Low fat, low sodium and high potassium diet will help to lower high blood pressure.
Potassium intake should be increased. Food sources of potassium should be increased to patients who are on diuretics. Vitamins should be adequate to the recommended allowances
Alcohol and Smoking
Alcohol and smoking have adverse effects on hypertension and must be avoided.
The Role of Nitric oxide.
As we are well aware, hypertension has multifactor etiology. It is clear that diet, exercise, and genetics play a role in the human body’s circulatory function.
Many people are controlling their diet and exercising regularly, yet they still suffer from high blood pressure. Modern science is still looking for more answers to why high blood pressure occurs. One such theory centers on a chemical called nitric oxide. In a briefing prepared for the Royal Society and Association of British Science writers, it was concluded that:
“Summary research papers continue to flood the scientific journals with insights into the biological activity and potential clinical uses of nitric oxide (NO), a gas that controls a seemingly limitless range of functions in the body. Each revelation adds to nitric oxide’s already lengthy resume in controlling the circulation of the blood, regulating activities of the brain, lungs, liver, kidneys, stomach and other organs.”
The crux of the presentation indicated that the level of nitric oxide is believed to be one controller of blood pressure within the body. Noni stimulates and boosts the body’s immune system, therefore enabling the body to produce those substances in the body [such as nitric oxide]. Recent studies have shown how specific extracts from Morinda citrifolia (NONI) produce a significant nitric oxide effect in endothelial cells in vitro.
It is believed that Noni stimulate the body’s production of nitric oxide, a chemical which allows the blood vessels to dilate more easily and be more elastic. In other words it acts as a vaso dilator to reduce the high blood pressure in hypertensive patient.
As we are well aware, hypertension has multifactor etiology. It is clear that diet, exercise, and genetics play a role in the human body’s circulatory function.
Many people are controlling their diet and exercising regularly, yet they still suffer from high blood pressure. Modern science is still looking for more answers to why high blood pressure occurs. One such theory centers on a chemical called nitric oxide. In a briefing prepared for the Royal Society and Association of British Science writers, it was concluded that:
“Summary research papers continue to flood the scientific journals with insights into the biological activity and potential clinical uses of nitric oxide (NO), a gas that controls a seemingly limitless range of functions in the body. Each revelation adds to nitric oxide’s already lengthy resume in controlling the circulation of the blood, regulating activities of the brain, lungs, liver, kidneys, stomach and other organs.”
The crux of the presentation indicated that the level of nitric oxide is believed to be one controller of blood pressure within the body. Noni stimulates and boosts the body’s immune system, therefore enabling the body to produce those substances in the body [such as nitric oxide]. Recent studies have shown how specific extracts from Morinda citrifolia (NONI) produce a significant nitric oxide effect in endothelial cells in vitro.
It is believed that Noni stimulate the body’s production of nitric oxide, a chemical which allows the blood vessels to dilate more easily and be more elastic. In other words it acts as a vaso dilator to reduce the high blood pressure in hypertensive patient.
The Role of Scopoletin present in Noni to reduce the Hypertension.
Another key component found in Noni that has been connected to lowering blood pressure is scopoletin. Scopoletin, which has been scientifically proven to dilate blood vessels and act as a vaso dilator also helps in lowering the blood pressure.
In 1993, researchers from the University of Hawaii extracted natural scopoletin from the Noni plant. Dr. Isabelle Abbott, a recognized export in botanical sciences, believes scopoletin is almost certainly involved in the body’s response to Noni’s effect on lowering high blood pressure.
Role of Xeronine, the alkaloid of Noni in reducing High Blood Pressure and cardiovascular diseases.
Xeronine is a small alkaloid that is required in picro gram (trillionth of gram) amounts and is essential to the correct functioning of body. Large amount are used in times of physical or mental stress. In over mental stress condition the blood pressure rises hence the role of xeronine helps in lowering the blood pressure by maintaining the normal function of all cells, enzymes, and keeping all the endocrine system to act in a harmonious way.
The xeronine system promotes a healthy cell structure within the circulatory system thus maintain the blood pressure within the normal range.
The role serotonin in cardiovascular diseases.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter, a specialized molecule that allows nerve cells to communicate and interact with each other. Without neurotransmitters we would be unable to think, perceive, move, or even live. Serotonin also does double duty in the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems. It helps regulate the expansion and contraction of blood vessels and the function of platelets, the blood cells that cause blood to coagulate and close a wound. It is synthesized in different parts of the brain and body, where it can be stored or released. The most important raw ingredient is an amino acid called tryptophan. Noni is a good source for tryptophan. When we take Noni the amino acid tryptophan enters ours blood stream and are carried to tissues that will use them to synthesize the body's own proteins and other essential molecules, including serotonin.
Serotonin also has complex roles in regulating blood flow to the brain, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. It regulates blood vessel elasticity and can act as either a vasodilator (causing vessels to expand) or a vasoconstrictor (causing vessels to narrow), depending on where and when it is released. Because of its complex action in controlling blood flow and blood pressure, serotonin abnormalities are also thought to have a role in a number of other cardiovascular conditions, including some forms of hypertension (high blood pressure). These include peripheral vascular diseases, which are circulatory problems involving the blood vessels in the extremities, the hands and feet, and sometimes the lower legs as well. One such disease is Raynaud's disease.
Noni helps in keeping and maintaining the serotonin level in blood and thus helps in improving some form vascular disease.
Role of Phytosterols to prevent Hypercholesterolemia.
The plant sterols, called Phytosterols alleviate problems associated with high levels of “bad” cholesterol (LDL) in our bodies, and can cause cardiovascular diseases. Noni contain the phytosterols that slows down the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and lowers total plasma and LDL cholesterol levels. Noni juice is an important source of (beta)sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campe sterol - the three most nutritionally important phytosterols. So Noni helps in reducing serum cholesterol level prevents the further cardiac problems.
Another key component found in Noni that has been connected to lowering blood pressure is scopoletin. Scopoletin, which has been scientifically proven to dilate blood vessels and act as a vaso dilator also helps in lowering the blood pressure.
In 1993, researchers from the University of Hawaii extracted natural scopoletin from the Noni plant. Dr. Isabelle Abbott, a recognized export in botanical sciences, believes scopoletin is almost certainly involved in the body’s response to Noni’s effect on lowering high blood pressure.
Role of Xeronine, the alkaloid of Noni in reducing High Blood Pressure and cardiovascular diseases.
Xeronine is a small alkaloid that is required in picro gram (trillionth of gram) amounts and is essential to the correct functioning of body. Large amount are used in times of physical or mental stress. In over mental stress condition the blood pressure rises hence the role of xeronine helps in lowering the blood pressure by maintaining the normal function of all cells, enzymes, and keeping all the endocrine system to act in a harmonious way.
The xeronine system promotes a healthy cell structure within the circulatory system thus maintain the blood pressure within the normal range.
The role serotonin in cardiovascular diseases.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter, a specialized molecule that allows nerve cells to communicate and interact with each other. Without neurotransmitters we would be unable to think, perceive, move, or even live. Serotonin also does double duty in the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems. It helps regulate the expansion and contraction of blood vessels and the function of platelets, the blood cells that cause blood to coagulate and close a wound. It is synthesized in different parts of the brain and body, where it can be stored or released. The most important raw ingredient is an amino acid called tryptophan. Noni is a good source for tryptophan. When we take Noni the amino acid tryptophan enters ours blood stream and are carried to tissues that will use them to synthesize the body's own proteins and other essential molecules, including serotonin.
Serotonin also has complex roles in regulating blood flow to the brain, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. It regulates blood vessel elasticity and can act as either a vasodilator (causing vessels to expand) or a vasoconstrictor (causing vessels to narrow), depending on where and when it is released. Because of its complex action in controlling blood flow and blood pressure, serotonin abnormalities are also thought to have a role in a number of other cardiovascular conditions, including some forms of hypertension (high blood pressure). These include peripheral vascular diseases, which are circulatory problems involving the blood vessels in the extremities, the hands and feet, and sometimes the lower legs as well. One such disease is Raynaud's disease.
Noni helps in keeping and maintaining the serotonin level in blood and thus helps in improving some form vascular disease.
Role of Phytosterols to prevent Hypercholesterolemia.
The plant sterols, called Phytosterols alleviate problems associated with high levels of “bad” cholesterol (LDL) in our bodies, and can cause cardiovascular diseases. Noni contain the phytosterols that slows down the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and lowers total plasma and LDL cholesterol levels. Noni juice is an important source of (beta)sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campe sterol - the three most nutritionally important phytosterols. So Noni helps in reducing serum cholesterol level prevents the further cardiac problems.
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